The central government of Pasai Sultanate lies between Krueng Jambo Aye (Sungai Jambu Air) and Krueng Pase (Pasai River), North Aceh. According to ibn Batuthah who spent about two weeks in Pasai, the kingdom does not have a stone fortress, but has lined the city with wood, a few kilometers from the harbor. In the core area of this kingdom there are mosques, and markets and traversed by a fresh river that empties into the sea. Ma Huan added, although the estuaries are large but the waves are tempestuous and easily lead to the boat being overturned. Thus the naming of Lhokseumawe which may mean the bay of which its waters swirl may be related to this.
In the government structure there is the term minister, syahbandar and kadi. While the sultans of both men and women were named by Tun, as were some of the royalty. The Pasai Sultanate has several subordinate kingdoms, and its rulers also have sultans.
During the reign of Sultan Muhammad Malik az-Zahir, the Perlak Kingdom had become part of Pasai's sovereignty, then he also placed one of his sons namely Sultan Mansur in the Ocean. But in the time of Sultan Ahmad Malik az-Zahir, the Samudera region has become a unity with the name of Pasai Ocean which remains centered in Pasai. In the reign of Sultan Zain al-Abidin Malik az-Zahir, Lide (Kingdom of Pedir) is mentioned to be the subordinate kingdom of Pasai. Meanwhile Pasai also mentioned having a bad relationship with Nakur, the peak of this kingdom attacked Pasai and resulted in the Pasai Sultan killed