Part 24: An In Dept Look At Steem Operation Types Part I

<p dir="auto">This tutorial is part of a series where different aspects of programming with <code>steem-python are explained. Links to the other tutorials can be found in the curriculum section below. This part is a direct continuation of <a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-23-retrieve-and-process-full-blocks-from-the-steem-blockchain" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 23: Retrieve And Process Full Blocks From The Steem Blockchain and will go into more detail following <code>operation types: <code>transfer, <code>transfer_to_vesting, <code>withdraw_vesting and <code>convert. <hr /> <h4>Repository <p dir="auto"><span><a href="https://github.com/steemit/steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">https://github.com/steemit/steem-python <h4>What will I learn <ul> <li>How to access data in a operation <li>What is a transfer? <li>What is a transfer_to_vesting <li>What is a withdraw_vesting <li>What is a convert? <h4>Requirements <ul> <li>Python3.6 <li><code>steem-python <h4>Difficulty <ul> <li>basic <hr /> <h3>Tutorial <h4>Setup <p dir="auto">Download the files from <a href="https://github.com/amosbastian/steempy-tutorials/tree/master/part_24" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Github. There 2 are files <code>get_blocks.py which contains the code. The main file takes 3 arguments from the command line which sets the <code>starting_block, <code>block_count and what <code>operation to filter for. <p dir="auto">Run scripts as following:<br /> <code>> python get_block.py 22224731 10 transfer <h4>How to access data in a operation <p dir="auto">The previous tutorial went into great detail how to extract <code>operations from <code>blocks. There are 19 different <code>operations in total and each has a different structure. However, the data for the <code>operation is always stored in the same spot. <pre><code>{ 'ref_block_num': 8004, 'ref_block_prefix': 1744181707, 'expiration': '2018-05-07T15:29:54', 'operations': [ ['vote', { 'voter': 'acehjaya', 'author': 'zunaofficial79', 'permlink': 'kabut-pagi', 'weight': 10000 }] ], 'extensions': [], 'signatures': ['1f205086670c27365738697f0bc7cfde8b6e976608dc12b0d391b2b85ad7870a002313be4b09a358c30010be2a09bebacead866ba180afc348ce40c70566f4ed88'] } <p dir="auto"><br /><br /> Under <code>operations is an array, the first index is the <code>operation type and the second index is a <code>json table with the <code>operation data. <pre><code>if transaction['operations'][0][0] == self.tag: self.process_operation(transaction['operations'] [0][1], self.tag) <p dir="auto">Filter for the required operation type and process the <code>json data. For this example tutorial a different <code>class is made for each <code>operation type which stores the data in respective <code>variables and has a <code>print function. These classes can be found in the <code>operations.py file. <h4>What is a transfer? <p dir="auto">Every <code>transfer of either <code>Steem or <code>SBD between two different user accounts is a <code>transfer operation. This operation has 4 variables. <code>from is the account that sends the funds, <code>to the receiving account, <code>amount the valuation and which currency, and optionally <code>memo. In which messages can be added. <pre><code>{ 'from': 'yusril-steem', 'to': 'postpromoter', 'amount': '5.000 SBD', 'memo': 'https://steemit.com/life/@yusril-steem/our-challenges-and-trials-in-life' } <p dir="auto"><br /><br /> By using a <code>class to process the <code>operation all the <code>variables can be neatly kept and additional <code>functions can be added as well. Like the <code>print_operation() which allows for easy printing to the terminal. A separate <code>class is made for each of the <code>operations discussed in this tutorial. <pre><code>class Transfer(): def __init__(self, operation, block, timestamp): self.account = operation['from'] self.to = operation['to'] self.amount = operation['amount'] self.memo = operation['memo'] self.block = block self.timestamp = timestamp def print_operation(self): print('\nBlock:', self.block, self.timestamp) print('Operation: transfer') print('From:', self.account) print('To:', self.to) print('Amount:', self.amount) print('Memo:', self.memo) print('') <p dir="auto"><br /><br /> Additional data that normally falls outside the scope of the <code>operation can also be stored in the <code>class. Like the <code>block in which the <code>operation took place and the timestamp of the <code>operation. <h4>What is a transfer_to_vesting <p dir="auto">A <code>power up of <code>Steem by a user is known as a <code>transfer_to_vesting and contains 3 <code>variables. <code>from the user account itself, <code>to the receiving account and <code>amount the amount being powered up. This <code>operation locks up the <code>Steem for 13 weeks. <pre><code>{ 'from': 'flxsupport', 'to': 'ltcil', 'amount': '0.719 STEEM' } <p dir="auto"><br /> <h4>What is a withdraw_vesting <p dir="auto">Opposite to a <code>transfer_to_vesting is a <code>withdraw_vesting. When a user initiates a <code>power down the amount of <code>steem power will be powered down in 13 weekly increments. <code>Vested steem power is displayed in <code>VESTS and has to be converted to <code>Steem based on the current conversion rate. This is outside the scope of this tutorial but can be found <a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-22-calculate-account-value-based-on-current-market-prices-via-api" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">here. This <code>operation holds 2 different <code>variables. <code>account the user account and <code>vesting_shares the amount of <code>VESTS to be converted to <code>Steem at the time of the operation. <pre><code>{ 'account': 'bazimir', 'vesting_shares': '44671.906021 VESTS' } <p dir="auto"><br /> <h4>What is a convert? <p dir="auto">It is possible to convert <code>SBD to <code>Steem on the <code>internal market. This <code>operation assumes that the value of <code>SBD is at $1.0, which may not be true. Always check the <code>external markets before doing such an <code>operation. After 3 days the <code>operation matures and the user will receive the <code>Steem. This <code>operation holds 3 different <code>variables: <code>amount the amount of <code>SBD to be converted, <code>owner the account initiating the conversion and <code>requestid the id for the system to perform the conversion after 3 days. <pre><code>{ 'amount': '5000.0 SBD', 'owner': 'steemit', 'requestid': 1467592156 } <p dir="auto"><br /> <h4>Running the script <p dir="auto">Running the script will print the <code>operations, for which the filter has been set, to the terminal starting from the <code>starting_block for <code>block_count amount of <code>blocks. A <code>class object is made for the <code>operation and the build in <code>print_operation() function is called. The data of the <code>operation is printed to the terminal with the additional information of the <code>block in which the <code>operation is contained and the <code>timestamp of the <code>operation. <pre><code>python get_blocks.py 22224731 10 transfer Booted Connected to: https://rpc.buildteam.io Block: 22224731 Block: 22224731 2018-05-07T15:20:03 Operation: transfer From: hottopic To: jgullinese Amount: 0.001 SBD Memo: Hello Friend, Your post will be more popular and you will find new friends.We provide "Resteem upvote and promo" service.Resteem to 18.000+ Follower,Min 45+ Upvote.Send 1 SBD or 1 STEEM to @hottopic (URL as memo) Service Active Block: 22224731 2018-05-07T15:20:03 Operation: transfer From: minnowbooster To: msena Amount: 0.001 SBD Memo: You got an upgoat that will be done by bycz,greece-lover,hemanthoj,percygeorge,bigdave2250,mexresorts,wanxlol,nickmorphew,thauerbyi,blackbergeron,aziz96,lovlu,utube,lowestdefinition. We detected an open value of 0.0$, worth 0.001 SBD in send and refunding that! Request-Id: 1176288 ... ... ... <h4>Curriculum <h5>Set up: <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@amosbastian/how-to-install-steem-python-the-official-steem-library-for-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 0: How To Install Steem-python, The Official Steem Library For Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-1-how-to-configure-the-steempy-cli-wallet-and-upvote-an-article-with-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 1: How To Configure The Steempy CLI Wallet And Upvote An Article With Steem-Python <h5>Filtering <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-2-how-to-stream-and-filter-the-blockchain-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 2: How To Stream And Filter The Blockchain Using Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-6-how-to-automatically-reply-to-mentions-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 6: How To Automatically Reply To Mentions Using Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-23-retrieve-and-process-full-blocks-from-the-steem-blockchain" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 23: Part 23: Retrieve And Process Full Blocks From The Steem Blockchain <h5>Voting <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-3-creating-a-dynamic-upvote-bot-that-runs-24-7-first-weekly-challenge-3-steem-prize-pool" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 3: Creating A Dynamic Autovoter That Runs 24/7 <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-4-how-to-follow-a-voting-trail-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 4: How To Follow A Voting Trail Using Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-8-how-to-create-your-own-upvote-bot-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 8: How To Create Your Own Upvote Bot Using Steem-Python <h5>Posting <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-5-post-an-article-directly-to-the-steem-blockchain-and-automatically-buy-upvotes-from-upvote-bots" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 5: Post An Article Directly To The Steem Blockchain And Automatically Buy Upvotes From Upvote Bots <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-7-how-to-schedule-posts-and-manually-upvote-posts-for-a-variable-voting-weight-with-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 7: How To Schedule Posts And Manually Upvote Posts For A Variable Voting Weight With Steem-Python <h6>Constructing <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-10-use-urls-to-retrieve-post-data-and-construct-a-dynamic-post-with-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 10: Use Urls To Retrieve Post Data And Construct A Dynamic Post With Steem-Python <h5>Rewards <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/how-to-calculate-a-post-s-total-rewards-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 9: How To Calculate A Post's Total Rewards Using Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-12-how-to-estimate-curation-rewards" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 12: How To Estimate Curation Rewards Using Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/how-to-estimate-all-rewards-in-last-n-days-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 14: How To Estimate All Rewards In Last N Days Using Steem-Python <h5>Transfers <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-11-how-to-build-a-list-of-transfers-and-broadcast-these-in-one-transaction-with-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 11: How To Build A List Of Transfers And Broadcast These In One Transaction With Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-13-upvote-posts-in-batches-based-on-current-voting-power-with-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 13: Upvote Posts In Batches Based On Current Voting Power With Steem-Python <h5>Account Analysis <ul> <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-15-how-to-check-if-an-account-is-following-back-and-retrieve-mutual-followers-following-between-two-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 15: How To Check If An Account Is Following Back And Retrieve Mutual Followers/Following Between Two Accounts <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-16-how-to-analyse-a-user-s-vote-history-in-a-specific-time-period-using-steem-python" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 16: How To Analyse A User's Vote History In A Specific Time Period Using Steem-Python <li><a href="https://steemit.com/utopian-io/@steempytutorials/part-18-how-to-analyse-an-account-s-resteemers" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">Part 18: How To Analyse An Account's Resteemers Using Steem-Python <hr /> <p dir="auto">The code for this tutorial can be found on <a href="https://github.com/amosbastian/steempy-tutorials/tree/master/part_24" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" title="This link will take you away from hive.blog" class="external_link">GitHub! <p dir="auto"><span>This tutorial was written by <a href="/@juliank">@juliank.